BSEB Class 12 Chemistry Polymers Textbook Solutions PDF: Download Bihar Board STD 12th Chemistry Polymers Book Answers

BSEB Class 12 Chemistry Polymers Textbook Solutions PDF: Download Bihar Board STD 12th Chemistry Polymers Book Answers

BSEB Class 12th Chemistry Polymers Textbooks Solutions and answers for students are now available in pdf format. Bihar Board Class 12th Chemistry Polymers Book answers and solutions are one of the most important study materials for any student. The Bihar Board Class 12th Chemistry Polymers books are published by the Bihar Board Publishers. These Bihar Board Class 12th Chemistry Polymers textbooks are prepared by a group of expert faculty members. Students can download these BSEB STD 12th Chemistry Polymers book solutions pdf online from this page.

Bihar Board Class 12th Chemistry Polymers Textbooks Solutions PDF

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Bihar Board Class 12th Chemistry Polymers Books Solutions

Board	BSEB
Materials	Textbook Solutions/Guide
Format	DOC/PDF
Class	12th
Subject	Chemistry Polymers
Chapters	All
Provider	Hsslive

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BSEB Class 12th Chemistry Polymers Textbooks Solutions with Answer PDF Download

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Bihar Board Class 12 Chemistry Polymers Intext Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What are polymers?
Answer:
Polymers are high molecular mass substances consisting of large number of repeating structural units. They are also called as macromolecules. Some examples of polyethene, bakelite, rubber, nylon 6,6 etc.

Question 2.
How are polymers classified on the basis of structure?
Answer:
On the basis of structure, the polymers are classified as below :

• Linear polymer as polyethene, polyvinyl chloride etc.
• Branched-chain polymers as low-density polyethene.
• Cross-linked polymers such as bakelite, melamine etc.

Question 3.
Write the names of the monomers of the following polymers:

Answer:
(i) Hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid.
(ii) Caprolactum.
(iii) Tetrafluoroethene.

Question 4.
Classify the following as addition and condensation polymers:
Terylene, Bakelite, Polyvinylchloride, Polyethene.
Answer:
Addition polymers: Polyvinyl chloride, Polyethene. Condensation Polymers: Terylene, Bakelite.

Question 5.
Explain the difference between Buna-N and Buna-S.
Answer:
Buna-N is a copolymer of 1, 3-butadiene and acrylonitrile, whereas Buna-S is a copolymer of 1, 3-butadiene and styrene.

Question 6.
Arrange the following polymers in increasing order of their intermolecular forces.
(i) Nylon 6,6, Buna-S, Polyethene
(ii) Nylon 6, Neoprene, Polyvinylchloride.
Answer:
Polymers in increasing order of intermolecular forces
(i) Buna-S, Polyethene, Nylon 6,6.
(ii) Neoprene, Polyvinylchloride, Nylon 6.

Bihar Board Class 12 Chemistry Polymers Text Book Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Explain the terms polymer and monomers.
Answer:
(i) Polymer is a high molecular mass macromolecule consisting of repeating structural units derived from monomers, e.g., polyethene, polyvinyl chloride, Nylon 6,6 etc.
(ii) Monomer is a simple molecule capable of undergoing polymerization and leading to the formation of the corresponding polymer, e.g., ethene, vinyl chloride etc.

Question 2.
What are natural and synthetic polymers? Give two examples of each type.
Answer:

1. Natural polymers are high molecular mass macromolecules and are found in plants and animals. The examples are proteins and nucleic acids.
2. Synthetic polymers-They are man-made high molecular mass macromolecules. These include synthetic plastics, fibres and synthetic rubber. The two specific examples are polyethene and dacron.

Question 3.
Distinguish between the terms homopolymer and copolymer and give an example of each.
Answer:
(i) Addition polymers formed by the polymerisation of a single monomeric species are known as homopolymers e.g., polyethene.
(ii) Copolymers-These are the polymers made by the addition polymerization from two different monomers, e.g., Buna-S.

Question 4.
How do you explain the functionality of a monomers?
Answer:
Functionality-It is defined as the number of bonding sites in a monomer.

Question 5.
Define the term polymerization.
Answer:
Polymerization is a process of formation of a high molecular mass polymer from one or more monomers by linking together of repeating structural units with covalent bonds.

Question 6.
Is (NH-CHR-CO)_n homopolymer or Copolymer?
Answer:
Since the unit (NH-CHR-CO)n is obtained from the single monomer unit NH₂-CHR-COOH, it is a homopolymer.

Question 7.
In which classes, the polymers are classified on the basis of molecular forces?
Answer:
On the basis of molecular forces present between the chains of various polymers, the classification of polymers is given as follows :

• Elastomers,
• Fibres,
• Thermoplastics and
• Thermosetting plastics.

Question 8.
How can you differentiate between addition and condensation polymerization?
Answer:
In addition polymerization, the molecules of the same or different monomers add together to form a large polymer molecule without the elimination of simple molecules like H₂O, HCl etc. Condensation polymerisation is a process in which two or more bifunctional molecules undergo a series of condensation reactions with the elimination of some simple molecules like H₂O, HCl, alcohol and leading to the formation of polymers.

Question 9.
Explain the term copolymerization and give two examples.
Answer:
Copolymerization is a process in which a mixture of more than one monomeric species is allowed to polymerise. The copolymer contains multiple units of each monomer in the chain. The examples are copolymers of 1, 3-butadiene and styrene. Another example is the copolymer of 1,3-butadiene and acrylonitrile.

Question 10.
Write the free-radical mechanism for the polymerization of ethene.
Answer:
Ethene undergoes polymerization in the presence of benzoyl proxide through free radical mechanism as described below:
(i) Chain initiating step-

(ii) Chain-Propagating Step-

(iii) Chain-terminating step-

Question 11.
Define thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers with two examples of each.
Answer:
Thermoplastic polymer-It can be repeatedly softened on heating and hardened on cooling, hence it can be used again and again. The examples are polyethene and polypropylene etc.
Thermosetting Polymer-A thermosetting polymer is a permanent setting polymer as it gets hardened and set during moulding process and cannot be softened again. The examples are bakelite and melamine-formaldehyde polymers.

Question 12.
Write the monomers used for getting the following polymers, (i) Polyvinyl chloride, (ii) Teflon, (iii) Bakelite.
Answer:

• The monomer of polyvinyl chloride is vinyl chloride: CH₂ = CHCl
• The monomer of Teflon is tetrafluoroethylene (CF₂ = CF₂).
• The monomers for the formation of bakelite are phenol (C₆H₅OH) and formaldehyde (HCHO).

Question 13.
Write the name and structure of one of the common initiators used in free radical addition polymerization.
Answer:

Question 14.
How do double bonds in rubber molecules influence their structure a.nd reactivity?
Answer:
From the structural point of view, the natural rubber is a linear cis-1, 4-polyisoprene. In the polymer double bonds are located between C₂ and C₃ of isoprene units. This cis-configuration about double bonds do not allow the chains to come closer for effective attraction due to weak intermolecular attractions. Hence the natural rubber has a coiled and shows elasticity.

Question 15.
Discuss the main purpose of vulcanisation of rubber.
Answer:
Natural rubber becomes soft at high temperature and brittle at low temperatures. On vulcanisation, sulphur forms cross-links at the reactive sites of double bonds and thus the rubber gets stiffened.

Question 16.
What are the monomeric repeating units of Nylon-6 and Nylon-6,6?
Answer:
The monomeric repeat unit of Nylon-6 polymer is [NH- (CH₂)₅-CO].
The monomeric repeat unit of Nylon-6,6 polymer is derived from the two monomers: hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid.
[NH-(CH₂)₆-NH-CO-(CH₂)₄-CO].
The two monomers are NH₂ (CH₂)₆NH₂ and COOH (CH₂)₄ COOH.

Question 17.
Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers:
(i) Buna-S
(ii) Buna-N
(iii) Dacron
(iv) Neoprene.
Answer:
The names and structures of monomers are

Question 18.
Identify the monomer in the following polymeric structures.


Answer:
The monomers forming the polymer are:
(i) Decanoic acid HOOC-(CH₂)₈-COOH and Hexamethylene diamine H₂N (CH₂)₆NH₂.

Question 19.
How is dacron obtained from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid?
Answer:
The following is the equation for the formation of dacron, 

Question 20.
What is a biodegradable polymer? Give an example of a biodegradable aliphatic polyester?
Answer:
Biodegradable Polymer is one which disintegrates of its own in biological systems during a certain period of time by enzymatic hydrolysis and to some extent by oxidation. Such a polymer does not cause any environment pollution.
The most important class of biodegradable polymers are aliphatic polyesters. One such example Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate-co-β-Hydroxy valerate [PHBV]. It is a copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxy pentanoic acid.

Bihar Board Class 12 Chemistry Polymers Additional Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is the starting material for the preparation of PVC? (P.S.B.98)
Answer:
Vinyl chloride CH₂ = CH-Cl.

Question 2.
Name the monomer of Nylon 6. (H.P.S.B. 1997)
Answer:
Caprolactam.

Question 3.
Define plasticizers.
Answer:
Plasticizers are organic compounds which when added to certain plastics which do not soften very much on heating, can be made soft and workable.

Question 4.
Write the name and structure of the monomer units of terylene. (P.S.B. 2002)
Answer:
Ethylene glycol HO-CH₂-CH₂OH and terephthalic acid  or its methyl ester.

Question 5.
Give the name of the polymer which is used for making non-stick utensils. (H.P.S.B. 1998rP,S.B. 2000)
Answer:
Teflon.

Question 6.
Name a synthetic polymer which is an ester. (P.S.B. 2000)
Answer:
Terylene or Dacron.

Question 7.
What does PMMA stand for?
Answer:
Poly (methyl methacrylate).

Question 8.
Write the monomer of Teflon. (H.P.S.B. 93,2000)
Answer:
Tetrafluoroethylene F₂C = CF₂.

Question 9.
Write the monomer units, of bakelite.
Answer:

Question 10.
Name a synthetic polymer which is an amide. (P.S.B. 2000)
Answer:
Nylon 6 or Nylon 66.

Question 11.
Name a natural elastomer.
Answer:
Natural rubber.

Question 12.
Define homopolymer.
Answer:
Polymers whose repeating structural units are derived from only one type of monomer units are called homopolymers.

Question 13.
What is the function of sulphur in the vulcanisation of rubber.
Answer:
Sulphur makes the rubber more elastic, more ductile, less plastic and non-sticky.

Question 14.
What is the main constituent of bubble gum?
Answer:
Styrene-butadiene rubber.

Question 15.
What are the monomers of SBR? (P.S.B. 2005)
Answer:
Styrene (C₆H₅-CH = CH₂) and 1,3-Butadiene (CH₂ = CH-CH = CH₂).

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are cross-linked polymers? Give are example.
Answer:
The polymers in which the linear polymer chains are corss- linked to form a three-dimensional network structure are called cross-linked polymers. The common examples of this type of polymer is bakelite.

Question 2.

Give the structures of the products.
Answer:
(c) is caprolactam while [D]n is Nylon 6.

Question 3.
How is Nylon 6,10 prepared.
Answer:
It is obtained by the condensation of hexamethylene diamine (containing six C atoms) and sebacic acid HOOC (CH₂)₈ COOH- a dibasic acid-containing ten C atoms.

Question 4.
What is PCTFE? How will you prepare it?
Answer:
PCTFE stands for poly mono chloro trifluoro ethylene. Monomer is

Question 5.
What is polypropene or polypropylene? How is it prepared?
Answer:
Monomer is CH₃-CH = CH₂ (Propylene).

Question 6.
What are Biopolymers? Are they also biodegradable polymers?
Answer:
Polymers such as polysaccharides (starch, cellulose etc.) protein and nucleic acids which control the various life process are called biopolymers. All these polymers disintegrate themselves during a certain period of time and hence are biodegradable.

Question 7.
Free radical polymerization of styrene gives a product in which phenyl groups are on alternate carbon atoms rather than adjacent carbon atoms. Explain.
Answer:
During free radical polymerization, the addition of free radicals to monomer molecules occurs in accordance with Markovnikov rule so as to give more stable free radical.

Question 8.
What is the monomer of -[-CH₂-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH₂-]- (C.B.S.E. P.M.T. 2005)
Answer:

Question 9.
Why are the numbers 66 and 6 put in the name nylon 66 and nylon 6?
Answer:
Nylon 6 means that it is condensation polymer of only one type of monomer unit containing six carbon atoms, i.e., Caprolactam. Nylon n the other hand implies that it is a condensation polymer of two types monomer molecules containing six C atoms (adipic acid and hexamer hygiene diammine].

Question 10.
Is -[-CH₂-CH(C₆H₂-]-_n homopolymer or a copolymer? Is it an addition or condensation polymer?
Answer:
The repeating structural unit of the given polymer contains only one type of monomer unit, i.e., Styrene (C₆H₅-CH = CH₂). Therefore it is a homopolymer. It is an addition polymer.

Long Answer Type Question

Question 1.
How will you prepare (a) Nylon 6, (b) Melamine formaldehyde resin. To what uses each one of them is put?
Answer:
Nylon 6: It has the monomer caprolactam which is obtained from cyclohexane.

Caprolactam on heating with traces of water gives a-amino caproic acid which is a monocarboxylic amino acid containing six carbon atoms.
This polymerises to give Nylon 6.

(ii) Melamine formaldehyde resin-It is a polymer formed by the condensation of melamine which is a heterocyclic tri-amine with formaldehyde. The polymerisation occurs as follows :

It is used in the manufacture of unbreakable cups and plates.

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