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AP Board Class 10 Maths Chapter 8 Similar Triangles InText Questions Textbook Solutions PDF: Download Andhra Pradesh Board STD 10th Maths Chapter 8 Similar Triangles InText Questions Book Answers |
Andhra Pradesh Board Class 10th Maths Chapter 8 Similar Triangles InText Questions Textbooks Solutions PDF
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AP Board Class 10th Maths Chapter 8 Similar Triangles InText Questions Textbooks Solutions with Answer PDF Download
Find below the list of all AP Board Class 10th Maths Chapter 8 Similar Triangles InText Questions Textbook Solutions for PDF’s for you to download and prepare for the upcoming exams:10th Class Maths 8th Lesson Similar Triangles InText Questions and Answers
Do these
(Page No. 194)
Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with similar/not similar.
i) All squares are ………. (similar)
ii) All equilateral triangles are ………. (similar)
iii) All isosceles triangles are ………. (similar)
iv) Two polygons with same number of sides are ………, if their corresponding angles are equal and corresponding sides are equal. (similar)
v) Reduced and enlarged photographs of an object are ………. (similar)
vi) Rhombus and squares are ……… to each other. (not similar)
Question 2.
Write True / False for the following statements.
i) Any two similar figures are congruent.
Answer:
False
ii) Any two congruent figures are similar.
Answer:
True
iii) Two polygons are similar if their corresponding angles are equal.
Answer:
False
Question 3.
Give two different examples of pair of
i) Similar figures
ii) Non-similar figures
Answer:
i) Similar figures:
a) Any two circles
b) Any two squares
c) Any two equilateral triangles
ii) Non-similar figures:
a) A square and a rhombus
b) A square and a rectangle
Question 4.
What value(s) of x will make DE || AB, in the given figure? (Page No. 200)
AD = 8x + 9, CD = x + 3,
BE = 3x + 4, CE = x.
Answer:
Given : In AABC, DE // AB AD = 8x + 9, CD = x + 3,
BE = 3x + 4, CE = x
By Basic proportionality theorem,
If DE // AB then we should have
CDDA = CEEB
𝑥+38𝑥+9 = 𝑥3𝑥+4
⇒ (x + 3) (3x + 4) = x (8x + 9)
⇒ x (3x + 4) + 3 (3x + 4) – 8x2 + 9x
⇒ 3x2 + 4x + 9x + 12 = 8x2 + 9x
⇒ 8x2 + 9x – 3x2 – 4x – 9x -12 = 0
⇒ 5x2 – 4x – 12 = 0
⇒ 5x2 – 10x + 6x – 12 = 0
⇒ 5x (x – 2) + 6 (x – 2) = 0
⇒ (5x + 6) (x – 2) = 0
⇒ 5x + 6 = 0 or x – 2 = 0
⇒ x = −65 or x = 2;
x cannot be negative.
∴ The value x = 2 will make DE // AB.
Question 5.
In △ABC, DE || BC. AD = x, DB = x – 2, AE = x + 2 and EC = x – 1. Find the value of x. (Page No. 200)
Answer:
Given: In △ABC, DE // BC
∴ By Basic proportionality theorem, we have
ADDB = AEEC
xx−2 = 𝑥+2𝑥−1
⇒ x (x – 1) = (x + 2) (x – 2)
⇒ x2 – x = x2 – 4
⇒ -x = -4
∴ x = 4
Try This
Question 1.
E and F are points on the sides PQ and PR respectively of △PQR. For each of the following, state whether EF || QR or not? (Page No. 197)
i) PE = 3.9 cm, EQ = 3 cm,
PF = 3.6 cm and FR = 2.4 cm.
Answer:
Here
PEEQ = 3.93 = 1.31
PFFR = 3.62.4 = 32
PEEQ ≠ PFFR
Hence, EF is not parallel to QR.
ii) PE = 4 cm, QE = 4.5 cm,
Answer:
Here
PEEQ = 44.5 = 89
PFRF = 89
PEEQ = PFRF
∴ EF // QR
Hence, EF is parallel to QR.
iii) PQ = 1.28 cm, PR = 2.56 cm, PE = 1.8 cm and PF = 3.6 cm.
Answer:
Given: PQ = 1.28 cm, PE = 1.8 cm
⇒ EQ = PE – PQ = 1.8 – 1.28
⇒ EQ = 0.52 cm
Also, PR = 2.56 cm, PE = 3.6 cm, FR = PF – PR = 3.6 cm – 2.56 cm
FR = 1.04 cm
∴ EF // QR (By converse of Basic proportionality theorem)
Hence, EF is parallel to QR.
Question 2.
In the following figures DE || BC. (Page No. 198)
i) Find EC.
Answer:
ADDB = 𝐴𝐸𝐸𝐶
⇒ 1.53 = 1𝐸𝐶
∴ EC = 31.5 = 2 cm
ii) Find AD.
Answer:
Think & Discuss
Question 1.
Can you give some more examples from your daily life where scale factor is used? (Page No. 192)
Answer:
Scale factor is used in drawing maps, designing machines and in sculpture, etc.
Question 2.
Can you say that a square and a rhombus are similar? Discuss with your friends.Write why the conditions are not sufficient. (Page No. 193)
Answer:
A square □ ABCD and a rhombus ▱ PQRS are not similar.
Though the ratio of their corresponding sides are equal, the corresponding angles are not equal.
but ∠A ≠ ∠P; ∠B ≠ ∠Q
∠C ≠ ∠R; ∠D ≠ ∠S
Try This
(Page No. 207)
Question 1.
Are the triangles similar ? If so, name the criterion of similarity. Write the similarity relation in symbolic form.
i)
!! ∠G = ∠I alt. int. angles for the ∠F = ∠K parallel lines GF // KI
Answer:
∠FHG = ∠IHK (Vertically opp. angle)
∴ ∠GHF and ∠IKH are similar by AAA similarity rule.
△GHF ~ △IKH.
ii)
Answer:
𝑃𝑄𝐿𝑀 = 63 = 2;
𝑄𝑅𝑀𝑁 = 104 = 2.5;
𝑃𝑄𝐿𝑀 ≠ 𝑄𝑅𝑀𝑁
△PQR and △LMN are not similar.
△PQR ~ △LMN
iii)
Answer:
∠A = ∠A (Common)
𝐴𝐵𝐴𝑋 = 53; 𝐴𝐶𝐴𝑌 = 53
∴ △ABC and △AXY are similar by SAS similarity condition.
△ABC ~ △AXY.
iv)
Answer:
∴ △ABC and △APJ are not similar.
v)
Answer:
∠A = ∠B = 90°
∠AOQ = ∠POB (∵ Vertically opposite angles)
∠Q = ∠P (alternate interior angles)
∴ △AOQ and △BOP are similar by AAA criterion.
△AOQ ~ △BOP.
vi)
Answer:
△ABC and △QPR are similar by AAA similarity condition.
△ABC ~ △QPR.
vii)
Answer:
∠A = ∠P
𝐴𝐵𝑃𝑄 = 25; 𝐴𝐶𝑃𝑅 = 36 = 12
∴ 𝐴𝐵𝑃𝑄 ≠ 𝐴𝐶𝑃𝑅
Hence not similar.
viii)
Answer:
𝐴𝐵𝑃𝑄 = 62.5; 𝐴𝐶𝑃𝑅 = 105
∴ △ABC and △PQR are not similar.
Question 2.
Explain why the triangles are similar and then find the value of x.
i)
Answer:
Given: In △PQR and △LTS
∠Q = ∠T; ∠R = ∠S = 90°
∴ ∠P = ∠T
(by angle sum property of triangles)
Hence, △PQR ~ △LTS [∵ AAA]
ii)
Answer:
Given: In △ABC and △PQC
∠B = ∠Q
[∵ ∠PQC = 180°- 110° = 70° – linear pair of angles]
∠C = ∠C [∵ Common]
∠A = ∠P [∵ Angle Sum property of triangles]
△ABC ~ △PQC by AAA similarity condition.
Then the ratio of their corresponding sides are equal.
iii)
Answer:
Given: In △ABC and △ECD
∠A = ∠E
∠ACB = ∠ECD [∵ Vertically opposite]
∴ ∠B = ∠D [∵ angle sum property]
∴ △ABC ~ △EDC
iv)
Answer:
Given: In △RAB and △RST
∠R = ∠R (common)
∠A = ∠S and ∠B = ∠T
[∵ Pair of corresponding angles for AB // ST]
∴ △RAB ~ △RST [∵ AAA similarity]
v)
Answer:
Given: In △PQR and △PMN
∠P = ∠P [∵ Common]
∠Q = ∠M [∵ Pair of corresponding angles for MN // QR]
∠R = ∠N
△PQR ~ △PMN [∵ AAA similarity]
[From the figure, PR = 4 + x]
⇒ 3 × 4 = 4 + x
⇒ x = 12 – 4 = 8
vi)
Answer:
Given: In △XYZ and △XBA,
∠X = ∠X [∵ Common]
∠B = ∠Y [∵ Pair of corresponding ∠A = ∠Z angles for AB // ZY]
∴ △XYZ ~ △XBA [∵ AAA similarity]
[From the figure, XZ = 7.5 + x]
32 = 7.5+xx
3x = 15 + 2x;
3x – 2x = 15
x = 15
vii)
Answer:
Given: With the given conditions, we can’t find the value of x.
Note: If it is given that ∠A = ∠E then
we can say that △ABC ~ △EDC by AAA rule
viii)
Answer:
In △ABC and △BEC
∠ABC = ∠CEB (given)
∠C = ∠C (Common angle)
∴ △ABC ~ △BEC
(A.A. Criterion similarity)
Think & Discuss
(Page No. 203)
Question 1.
Discuss with your friends that in what way similarity of triangles is dif¬ferent from similarity of other polygons?
Answer:
In two triangles if the corresponding angles are equal then they are similar, whereas in two polygons if the corre-sponding angles are equal, they may not be similar, i.e., In triangles,
(Pairs of corresponding angles are equal) ⇔ (Ratio of corresponding sides are equal).
But this is not so with respect to polygons.
Do This
Question 1.
In △ACB, ∠C = 90° and CD ⊥ AB. Prove that BC2AC2 = 𝐵𝐷𝐴𝐷. (Page No. 218)
Answer:
Proof: △ADC and △CDB are similar.
[Ratio of areas of similar triangles is equal to the ratio of squares of their corresponding sides.]
From (1) and (2),
𝐵𝐷𝐴𝐷 = BC2AC2 (Q.E.D.)
Question 2.
A ladder 15 m long reaches a window which is 9 m above the ground on one side of a street. Keeping its foot at the same point, the ladder is turned to other side of the street to reach a window 12 m high. Find the width of the street. (Page No. 218)
Answer:
Let A and D be the windows on the either sides of the street.
From Pythagoras theorem,
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
152 = 92 + BC2
BC2 = 225 – 81
BC = √144 = 12 ….. (1)
Also, CD2 = DE2 + CE2
152 = 122 + CE2
CE2 = 225 – 144
CE = √81 = 9
∴ BE = BC + CE = 12 + 9 = 21
Width of the street = 21 m.
Question 3.
In the given figure if AD ⊥ BC, prove that AB2 + CD2 = BD2 + AC2. (Page No. 219)
Answer:
Given: In △ABC, AD ⊥ BC.
R.T.P: AB2 + CD2 = BD2 + AC2
Proof: △ABD is a right angled triangle
AB2 – BD2 = AD2 ……. (1)
△ACD is a right angle triangle
AC2 – CD2 = AD2
From (1) and (2)
AB2 – BD2 = AC2 – CD2
AB2 + CD2 = BD2 + AC2
Think & Discuss
Question 1.
For a right angled triangle with integer sides atleast one of its measurements must be an even number. Why? Discuss this with your friends and teachers. (Page No. 215)
Answer:
Let l, m, n are integer sides of a right
angled triangle.
then l2 – m2 + n2
⇒ n = l2 – m2 = (l + m) (l – m)
Now
Case I: Both l, m are even the (l + m) is even then (l + m) (l – m) is also even. So ‘n’ is even. Here all are even.
Case II: Both l, m are odd then (l + m) and (l – m) become even. Then the product of even numbers is even so ‘n’ is even.
Here only ‘n’ is even.
Case III: If we consider l is even, m is’ odd then ‘n’ will be odd. So here T is even. We observe in all above three cases at least one of l, m, n is even; Hence proved.
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