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| A Paragraph on Emergency In India: Essay on Emergency In India (100, 200, 250, 300 Words) in English |
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Emergency In India |
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Paragraph on Emergency In India or Essay on Emergency In India |
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English |
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Students of any Class 1-12 |
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Paragraph on Emergency In India in 100-150 Words / Essay on Emergency In India in 100 Words
Students can find below a paragraph of Emergency In India in 100-150 words or essay on Emergency In India in 100 words:
There is no doubt that the Emergency in India is a stain on the history of Indian democracy which Congress and the Indian people would like to forget. Thousands of activists and strike leaders were detained by police forces across the country. Atal Bihari Vajpayee and other protest leaders were arrested immediately alongside Jayaprakash Narayan, Raj Narain, and Charan Singh. For population control, Sanjay Gandhi implemented a widespread mass sterilisation program in September 1976. A total of 8.3 million sterilizations, most of them forced, were carried out under the programme in 1976-1977.
Parliamentary and state government elections have been postponed. One of the lasting legacies of the Emergency is the 42nd Amendment, which revised the Constitution in both letter and spirit. An RSS letter to Indira Gandhi requested that RSS workers be freed in return for support to the Emergency. Amritsar held a campaign launch on 9 July called "Campaign to Save Democracy." During the Emergency, more than 140 000 people were arrested without trial.
Paragraph on Emergency In India in 200-250 Words / Essay on Emergency In India in 200 Words
Students can find below a paragraph of Emergency In India in 200-250 words or essay on Emergency In India in 200 words:
The emergency had many aftermaths and criticism which are mentioned below. But the interesting part was endorsements. The emergency was supported by friendly reformer Vinoba Bhave (who called it Anushasan Parva, a period for discipline), industrialist J. R. D. Goodbye, essayist Khushwant Singh, and Indira Gandhi's dear companion and Orissa Chief Minister Nandini Satpathy. Notwithstanding, Tata and Satpathy later lamented that they supported the Emergency.
Aftermaths
On 18 January 1977, Gandhi called for elections in March and delivered a couple of political detainees, many stayed in jail even after she was expelled, however the Emergency authoritatively finished on 21 March 1977. In the Lok Sabha decisions, held in March, Indira Gandhi and Sanjay both lost their Lok Sabha seats, as did all the Congress competitors in northern states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Congress was decreased to only 153 seats, 92 of which were from four of the southern states.
The Janata Party's 298 seats and its partners' 47 seats (of a complete 542) gave it a larger part. Morarji Desai turned into the primary non-Congress Prime Minister of India. Congress hit an unequaled low in West Bengal in view of the helpless discipline and factionalism among Congress activists just as the various rebellions that debilitated the party.
Criticism
Confinement of individuals by police without charge or warning of families. Misuse and torment of prisoners and political detainees. Utilization of public and private media establishments, similar to the public broadcasting company Doordarshan, for government promulgation. Obliteration of the ghetto and low-pay lodging in the Turkmen Gate and Jama Masjid space of old Delhi. Enormous scope and illicit sanctioning of new laws (counting adjustments to the Constitution).
Paragraph on Emergency In India in 300 Words / Essay on Emergency In India in 300-500 Words
Students can find below a paragraph of Emergency In India in 300-500 words or essay on Emergency In India in 300 words:
Introduction
The Emergency in India is not less than a stain in India’s democratic history which Congress and Indian People would like to forget. The Emergency not only created political unrest but also left some unforgettable pain. Being the largest democracy, India is always supposed to set up a benchmark about how to run a country democratically and emergencies led to devastating those needs. Many people criticized it and resulted in the downfall of the government.
What are Emergency Provisions and Situations?
The Constitution of India grants emergency in 3 ways. The provisions regarding them are mentioned in part XVIII of the constitution. These cover Article 352 to 360 and are mentioned below-
- National Emergency
The national emergency comes under the Article 352 of the Indian constitution and it is implemented on the basis of war, external aggression and rebellion by armed forces. The president has the right to declare an emergency if he/she feels that the security of the country is at risk. The rebellion by armed forces was provided by the 38th constitutional amendment of the Indian constitution.
Highlights-
- The implementation of emergency can take place only if gets discretion from both the houses of parliament.
- The prior notice should be provided 1 month before the date of implementation.
- The emergency can last for 6 months and if necessary then it can be extended for an indefinite period after an approval by parliament for every 6 months.
- Removal of Emergency can be done by president at anytime as it doesn’t require parliamentary procedures.
- The fundamental rights can be taken away but right live is provided.
2. President’s Rule/State Emergency
The president’s rule or state emergency is the provision to be imposed in the situation of external aggression, internal instability and the condition if the constitutional provisions are not followed. This provision comes under the Article 355. The article 356 claims that if the situation is not favorable, the centre can take up the government of the State.
Highlights-
- The state emergency can be imposed if the governor of a state regarding the inability of the state government.
- The president’s rule will come in effect if the both houses of parliament approve it before the 2 months of its imposition.
- There are provisions which can allow the parliament to take over the powers of state legislature.
3. Financial Emergency
The financial emergency is also imposed by the president of India. The conditions for imposing the financial emergency include the dissatisfaction of the president with the financial situation. If the situation is creating any type of threat or risk to the financial condition, then this measure is taken. However, to date, no financial emergency has been imposed in India.
Highlights-
- The Financial Emergency falls under the Article 360 of the Indian Constitution.
- The proclamation of emergency must be declared within 2 months from the date of issue.
- The financial emergency can continue till an indefinite time until its revocation.
Why was the 1975 Emergency Imposed?
Many historians cite different reasons for the implementation of an emergency by Indira Gandhi. Some say internal dispute and some site Rajnarain’s verdict of Allahabad High Court. The reasons for imposing emergency are following-
- Gujarat Andolan
The students of LD College of Engineering were protesting against school fees hike in 1973. Later, they forced the State Government to resign and named the movement, Navnirman Andolan.
- JP Movement
An activist and a freedom fighter Jayaprakash Narayan led a mass to pressurize the government for resignation. The movement took place in the year 1974 and was named as ‘Total Revolution’ or ‘Purn Swaraj’.
- Raj Narain Verdict
One of the main reasons for the emergency was Raj Narain’s Verdict. During 1971, Raj Narain fought elections against Indira Gandhi from Raebareli and lost. He accused her of winning elections by false means. Later, Allahabad High Court cross-examined Indira Gandhi and her election was declared null and void.
Conclusion
The emergency was really a tough period for many people. The government was called a dictator and saw a big impact on the democracy of India. Indian democracy itself holds recognition and power in the whole world. Today, even many Congress leaders condemn the Emergency and whatever the happenings took place at that time. There are many facts and claims that oppose emergency and some defend but whatever happened at that time was a matter of concern. It must be taken in mind that it should not be repeated by any of the governments to withhold the constitutional and democratic freedom of India.
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Few Lines on Importance of Emergency In India??
The Emergency in India was a 21-month period from 25 June 1975 to 21 March 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had a state of emergency declared across the country. Officially issued by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed under Article 352 of the Constitution because of the prevailing "internal disturbance", the Emergency was in effect from 25 June 1975 until its withdrawal on 21 March 1977. The order bestowed upon the Prime Minister the authority to rule by decree, allowing elections to be cancelled and civil liberties to be suspended. For much of the Emergency, most of Indira Gandhi's political opponents were imprisoned and the press was censored. Several other human rights violations were reported from the time, including a mass campaign for vasectomy spearheaded by Sanjay Gandhi, the Prime Minister's son. The Emergency is one of the most controversial periods of independent India's history.
The final decision to impose an emergency was proposed by Indira Gandhi, agreed upon by the president of India, and thereafter ratified by the cabinet and the parliament (from July to August 1975), based on the rationale that there were imminent internal and external threats to the Indian state.
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