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| A Paragraph on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens): Essay on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) (100, 200, 250, 300 Words) in English |
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Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) |
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Paragraph on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) or Essay on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) |
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English |
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Students of any Class 1-12 |
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Paragraph on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 100-150 Words / Essay on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 100 Words
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NRC stands for the National Register of Citizens, which is a register containing the names and vital information of the legal citizens of India. At present NRC has been implemented only in the state of Assam to deal with the problem of illegal immigration in the state. Assam shares border with Bangladesh and since independence has been at the helm of illegal immigration from there. The illegal immigration has long been opposed by several sections in Assam.
The Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunal) Act 1983 passed by the Parliament in the Prime Ministership of Indira Gandhi, had been providing safe haven to the illegal immigrants in Assam. The IMDT Act, however, was struck down as unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 2005. After which the Government agreed to update the NRC for the state of Assam. The finally updated NRC was produced under the supervision of the Supreme Court on 31st August 2019.
Paragraph on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 200-250 Words / Essay on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 200 Words
Students can find below a paragraph of Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 200-250 words or essay on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 200 words:
The NRC (National Register of Citizens) has so far been implemented only in the state of Assam. The government of India plans to extend the exercise to other states as well. In simple terms, NRC is a list of all the legal citizens of India, excluding those who have migrated from neighboring countries.
There are certain criteria defined to include a person’s name in the NRC. Like in Assam, if any of the family members of the applicant have their names in the first 1951 NRC then they will be included in the records. The applicant also has the option to produce any of the following documents to get their names included in the NRC –
- Refugee registration certificate.
- Certificate of citizenship.
- Record of land or tenancy.
- Birth Certificate
- Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) policy.
- Passport
- Any license or certificate issued by the government.
- Certificate of employment by the government.
- Educational Certificates.
If a person fails to produce the relevant documents, then he/she won’t be straightaway declared an illegal immigrant. Such a person will be given a chance to present their case to the foreigners’ tribunals. Having failed the case in foreigners’ tribunal, such a person has an option to move to the High court and then to the Supreme Court of India.
Paragraph on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 300 Words / Essay on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 300-500 Words
Students can find below a paragraph of Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 300-500 words or essay on Nrc (National Register Of Citizens) in 300 words:
Maintained by the Government of India, the National Register of Citizens (NRC) holds all the important information of the Indian citizens of Assam required for their identification. It was during a parliamentary session on 20th November 2019 when Home Minister Amit Shah declared an extension of NRC to the entire country. The implementation of NRC across the country is expected to start after the end of the COVID vaccination drive.
Background of NRC:
National Register of Citizens, 1951 is a register prepared after the conduct of the Census of 1951 in respect of each village, showing the houses or holdings in a serial order and indicating against each house or holding the number and names of persons staying therein. The NRC was published only once, in 1951.
NRC was first introduced after the 1951 Census of India and Assam was the first in updating this NRC for including the names of the persons along with their descendants whose name was successfully registered in the NRC of 1951, or was found in any of the electoral rolls till the midnight of 24th March 1971.
The main purpose for the introduction and updating of the NRC in Assam was the identification of the illegal immigrants in Assam who had migrated to Assam from Bangladesh during the 1971 war with Pakistan. This is a sensitive issue in Assam as many complain of mass infiltrations from the eastern border that are eroding the Assamese culture and changing the demographics of the region.
NRC in Assam
The objective behind the NRC update is the identification of the illegal migrants who migrated from Bangladesh after 24th March 1971 to Assam. It also aims at determining whether the citizens applying for their names in the NRC are the genuine citizens of Assam or not. One of the basic criteria for identification was that the names of the family members of the applicant should be present in the NRC prepared in 1951 or in the electoral rolls up till March 24, 1971.
A person also can present the following documents as proof of his/her citizenship:
- Birth certificate
- LIC policy
- Refugee registration certificate
- Land and tenancy records
- Citizenship certificate, passport, government-issued licence or certificate
- Bank/post office accounts and permanent residential certificate
- Government employment certificate, educational certificate and court records.
Since the year 1950, due to the migrations taking place into Assam, there has been a fear of losing their cultural identity and the demography of the state in the minds of the original inhabitants. During the late seventies, the university students in Assam along with the All Assam Students’ Union started a movement called the Assam Agitation which demanded the detection and deportation of illegal migrants in Assam. The agitation was aggressive and brought the whole state to a standstill.
Assam Accord, 1985
During the year 1985, the Assam Accord was signed between the All Assam Students Union (AASU), the All Assam Gana Sangram Parishad and the then Central Government led by Rajiv Gandhi to bring stability in the state. The provisions of the Assam Accord were:
- Any foreigner will be given full citizenship including the right to vote if he/she had come to Assam between 1951 and 1961
- The foreigners who had migrated to Assam between 1961 and 1971 will be given all the rights of citizenship except the right to vote, which would be denied for a period of ten years and those who entered Assam after the year 1971 would be deported.
Many difficulties arose during the implementation of the Assam Accord as it led to massive law problems. Even many people were killed during a mob attack that took place in Barpeta at the office of the Deputy Commissioner.
A petition was filed in the Supreme Court in 2009 by an NGO called Assam Public Works demanding the identification and deportation of illegal Bangladeshis in Assam. They also demanded the deletion of their names from the voter’s list.
In 2013, an order was passed by the Supreme Court for completion of the NRC update by December 31st, 2017. Currently, the Supreme Court is responsible for monitoring the entire process of NRC updation. The NRC is updated on the basis of the Citizenship Act, 1955 and The Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003.
Controversies of the National Register of Citizens (NRC)
With the introduction of final NRC on 31st August 2019 at 10 a.m. for the completion of the 1951 NRC update, a lot of controversies were created and even some law-makers openly came out for criticizing this document. As per the reports, an M.L.A of Assam belonging to the political party All India United Democratic Front (AIUDF) was found out of the NRC. On this regard, he expressed that there are thousands of genuine Indians, especially the Bengali Hindus are left out of the final NRC list whereas the illegal foreigners made an entry to the final list. Even re-verification of this draft list was rejected by the Supreme Court.
Eligibility Criteria for NRC
A person should fulfil the following criteria to be eligible for the NRC:
- Any persons whose names appeared in the NRC of 1972 or in any of the Electoral Rolls till the date of 24th March 1971 (midnight) as well as their descendants.
- Persons who had registered themselves as per the rules of the Central Government with the Foreigners Registration Regional Officer (FRRO) and are not considered illegal migrants or foreigners by any authority.
- Any person who had migrated to Assam on or after 1st January 1966 but before 25th March 1971.
- People who are original inhabitants of Assam and their children and descendants who are citizens of India provided their citizenship is ascertained beyond a reasonable doubt by the registering authority.
- Persons who can provide any one of the documents issued up to midnight of 24 March 1971 as mentioned in the list of documents admissible for citizenship.
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Few Lines on Importance of Nrc (National Register Of Citizens)??
The National Register of Citizens for Assam is a registry (NRC) meant to be maintained by the Government of India for the state of Assam. It is expected to contain the names and certain relevant information for the identification of genuine Indian citizens in the state. The register for Assam was first prepared after the 1951 Census of India. Since then it was not updated until the major "updation exercise" conducted during 2013–2019, which caused numerous difficulties. In 2019, the government also declared its intention of creating such a registry for the whole of India, leading to major protests all over the country.
After the independence of India, the Indian parliament passed the Immigration (Expulsion from Assam) Act of 1950 due to the concern that Assam was getting indundated with migrants from East Bengal, which had then become part of Pakistan. The first National Register of Citizens was prepared in 1951 in order to implement the Act. However, nothing was accomplished because The Foreigners Act of 1946 did not treat Pakistanis as "foreigners" and they could come and go as they pleased.
The process of updating Assam's part of NRC started in 2013 when the Supreme Court of India passed an order for it to be updated. Since then, the Supreme Court (bench of Ranjan Gogoi and Rohinton Fali Nariman) monitored it continuously. The entire process was conducted by Prateek Hajela, an IAS, who has been designated as the State Coordinator of National Registration, Assam.
The final updated NRC for Assam, published 31 August 2019, contained 31 million names out of 33 million population. It left out about 1.9 million applicants, who seem to be divided roughly equally between Bengali Hindus, Bengali Muslims and other Hindus from various parts of India.
The Government of Bangladesh has indicated that Bangladesh is prepared to take back any of its citizens residing in India if evidence is offered.
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